Palpation of Bony Landmarks on Proximal Humerus
0:00
這是一個視頻示範，展示如何觸診近端肱骨的骨性標誌。
This is a video demo showing how to palpate the bony landmarks on the proximal humerus.
0:06
示範是在右臂上進行的。讓我們從定位肱骨的二頭肌溝開始。
The demo is on right arm. Let's start from locating the bicipital groove on the humerus.
0:12
首先，找到肱骨前上方的二頭肌長頭腱。
First, locate the long head tendon of biceps on the entero superior aspect of humerus.
0:18
如果你不確定自己是否在上面，請讓病人對抗阻力彎曲肘部。
If you are not sure if you are on it, ask your patient to flex the elbow against a resistance.
0:24
沿著肌肉向上觸診，找到長頭腱。腱位於溝中。
Follow along the muscle superiorly onto the long head tendon. The tendon sits on the groove.
0:30
所以你會更多地感覺到腱，而不是溝本身。
So you feel more the tendon on it, not much of the groove itself.
0:35
二頭肌溝也被稱為肱骨間結節溝，因為它位於兩個結節之間。
The bicipital groove is also called the intertubercular groove because it is between the two tubercles.
0:41
一旦你找到溝，我們可以觸診頸部結構。三個旋轉袖肌肉的附著點是什麼？
Once you locate the groove we can palpate the neck structure. What is the attachment site for three of rotator cuff muscles?
0:49
沒錯，是大結節。在找到腱的最上方部分後，向外側移動。
That's right, the greater tubercle. After locating the most superior portion of tendon, move laterally.
0:58
確保你不在肩峰上。
just make sure that you are not on the acromion the
1:01
肩部尖端立即向下掉落。
tip of shoulder drop immediately off inferiorly
1:04
從肩峰到肱骨頭，現在你
from the acromion onto the head of humerus now you
1:08
在大結節上，試著通過三角肌組織感覺它的完整大小，從大結節向內側移動，稍微越過腱及其溝。
are on the greater tubercle try to feel full size of it through the deltoid tissue from the greater tubercle move medially and pass the tendon and its groove just a bit medial to it.
1:19
現在你在小結節上。哪一個旋轉袖肌肉附著在這裡？是嗎？
Now you are on the lesser tubercle. Which one of rotator cuff muscles is attached onto? Yes?
1:27
肩胛下肌。現在我們要觸診肱骨的頸部。
Subscapularis. Now we are going to palpate the neck of humerus.
1:32
有解剖頸和手術頸。
There are the anatomical neck and the surgical neck.
1:35
解剖頸位於兩個結節的上方，而手術頸位於兩個結節的下方。
The anatomical neck is superior to two tubercles and the surgical neck is inferior to two tubercles.
1:42
由於肌肉、韌帶、關節囊和其他結締組織的層次，解剖頸很難區分。
The anatomical neck is hard to distinguish due to the layers of muscles, ligament, joint capsule and other connective tissue.
1:50
手術頸是肱骨在兩個結節下方的狹窄部分。
The surgical neck is the narrowing part of humerus inferior to two tubercles.
1:55
經過手術頸後，你正在觸診肱骨的幹。
After passing the surgical neck, you are palpating the shaft of humerus.
2:01
我們要定位的最後一個結構是三角肌粗隆。
The last structure we are going to locate is the deltoine tuberosity.
2:05
三角肌粗隆位於肱骨中段的外側。
The deltoine tuberosity is located on the lateral side of the midhumeral shaft.
2:10
它是三角肌的附著點。要找到它，沿著三角肌向下觸診，感覺三角肌的尖端和附著位置。
It is the attachment point of the deltoid muscle. To locate it, palpate the deltoid muscle along inferiorly and feel for the tapering distal end of the deltoid and where is attached.
2:22
感覺一個小圓形粗糙的骨性突起。那就是三角肌粗隆。
Feel for a small round rough and bony projection. That is the deltoid tuberosity.
2:28
觸診手指應該位於肩部和肘部的中間點。這就是近端肱骨骨性標誌的觸診內容。謝謝觀看。
The palpating finger should be halfway point between the shoulder and elbow.
2:32
這就是對於近端肱骨骨性標誌的觸診內容。謝謝您的觀看。
This is it for the palpation of the bony landmarks on the proximal humerus. Thank you for watching.